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Here are some major medical conditions which have to be fulfilled by a man in order to achieve an erection:

• A normal and healthy nervous system so that all the impulses can be passed properly,
• Healthy arteries in and near the corpora cavernosa,
• Healthy sponge tissue in the corpora cavernosa: healthy smooth muscles and fibrous tissues,
• An appropriate level of nitric oxide.

Erectile dysfunction may affect men who do not fulfill at least one of the mentioned medical conditions.

Erectile dysfunction may be cause by:

• Aging: Older men are more likely to suffer from erectile dysfunction. There are two reasons for that fact. First of all, older men are more liable to various diseases such as: heart attack, angina, stroke, diabetes mellitus, high blood pressure. All of the mentioned disorders may have bad influence on the ability to attain an erection. Second of all, the aging process itself may cause erectile disorders. In older men the compliance of the tissues of corpora cavernosa is decreased. What is more, doctors claim that in older age the production of nitric oxide in the penis smooth muscles’ nerves is smaller.
• Diabetes mellitus: ED seems to be more common among diabetic men. It is proven that the diabetic men can experience erectile dysfunction about 10-15 years earlier than healthy men. According to the studies, made in a group of 50-60-year-old men who have been suffering from type I diabetes for more than 10 years, the percentage of men who suffered from ED reached 55%. That high percentage may be caused by the fact that diabetic men suffer from greater severity of atherosclerosis. The disease narrows the arteries which provide the penis with blood. The blood flow is smaller and en erection is impossible to achieve.Diabetes mellitus can also cause diabetic neuropathy. The disease consists in destroying sensory and autonomic nerves. Smoking cigarettes, obesity, poor control of blood glucose levels, and having diabetes mellitus for a long period of time may also increase the possibility of ED. Diabetes may not only cause atherosclerosis but also myopathy, which is a muscle disease. The disease consists in decreasing the compliance of the smooth muscles of corpora cavernosa. The most characteristic effect of the disease is an inability to sustain an erection for long enough. If you want to gain some more information concerning the issue read the Diabetes article.
• Hypertension (high blood pressure): Hypertension as well as arteriosclerosis may lead to erectile dysfunction. Essential hypertension is the most commonly diagnosed type of hypertension. The disease is called essential because the high blood pressure is not caused by any other disease: for example kidney disease. It is not clear why men suffering form essential hypertension experience erectile dysfunction more frequently. It was proved that in essential hypertension less nitric oxide is produced by the arteries. Experts suspect that the low level of nitric oxide in men suffering from essential hypertension increases the possibility of developing erectile dysfunction. If you want to gain some more information, read the High Blood Pressure article.
• Cardiovascular diseases: In the USA the most common factor which causes cardiovascular diseases is atherosclerosis. The disease consists in narrowing of arteries which leads to the smaller blood flow. Atherosclerosis usually influences the body arteries. The effects of the disease may be worsened by high blood pressure, high blood cholesterol levels, cigarette smoking, and diabetes mellitus. Heart attack and angina are the effects of atherosclerosis. The arteries which supply blood to the hear (coronary arteries) become narrow and cannot transport as much blood as in the past. Stroke is an effect of atherosclerosis in which the arteries which supply blood to the brain (cerebral arteries) are narrow and cannot transport an appropriate amount of blood. Erectile dysfunction may be caused by atherosclerosis in which arteries which transport blood to the penis are narrowed. The erection cannot be achieved. There is a strong connection between the atherosclerosis in the coronary arteries and ED. It was proved that patients who suffer from severe coronary artery atherosclerosis are more liable to erectile dysfunction than men who suffer from only mild coronary artery atherosclerosis. Doctors claim that men who suffer from erectile dysfunction should be examined whether they suffer from silent coronary artery diseases (advanced coronary artery atherosclerosis which hasn’t caused heart attack or angina yet). If you want to gain some more information, read the Heart Attack Prevention article.
• Cigarette smoking: Smoking cigarettes may be dangerous in atherosclerosis. It may lead to erectile dysfunction. If you want to gain some more information concerning that issue, read the Smoking and Quitting Smoking article.
• Nerve or spinal cord damage: Erectile dysfunction may also be caused by spinal cord damage or pelvis nerves damage. Verves can be damaged by trauma, disease or during a surgery. There are some cases of men whose spinal cord was damaged in a car accident. The pelvic nerves may be damaged during a prostate surgery, long-term diabetes mellitus or multiple sclerosis, which is a neurological disease.
• Substance abuse: Drugs like marijuana, heroin, cocaine but also alcohol may significantly increase the risk of erectile dysfunction. Alcohol causes not only nerves damage but also atrophy of the testicles and low testosterone level. If you want to gain some more information, visit the Drug Abuse Center.
• Low testosterone levels: Testosterone is the major male sex hormone. It is responsible for maintaining sexual desire as well as nitric oxide level. Men suffering from hypogonadism (a testes disorder which results in a low testosterone production) may have a lower libido and problems with attaining and sustaining an erection.
• Medications: Some medications may cause an erectile dysfunction as an adverse effect. The main drugs which may cause ED are medications used in treatment of high blood pressure, antihistamines, antidepressants, tranquilizers, and appetite suppressants. Here are the most common drugs (beta-blockers) which may lead to erectile dysfunction: propranolol (Inderal), hydrochlorothiazide, digoxin (Lanoxin), amitriptyline (Elavil), famotidine (Pepcid), cimetidine (Tagamet), metoclopramide (Reglan), indomethacin (Indocin), lithium (Eskalith; Lithobid), verapamil (Calan, Verelan, Isoptin), phenytoin (Dilantin), and gemfibrozil (Lopid). In order to get some more information, visit the Medications Index.
• Depression and anxiety: Erectile dysfunction may be caused by psychological factors such as: depression, low self-esteem, guilt, stress, fear and many other. If you want to gain some more information, visit the Depression Center.